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BIBLIOGRAPHY

 

Carolingians as legitimate heirs of the Merovingians:

K. A. Eckhardt, Merowingerblut, I: Die Karolinger und ihre Frauen (Germanenrechte Neue Folge, Deutschrechtliches Archiv 10; Witzenhausen, 1965): initial effort to trace precise form of Carolingian descent from Merovingians.

R. Wenskus, “Zum Problem der Ansippung,” in Festgabe für Otto Höfler zum 75. Geburtstag, ed. Helmut Birkhan (Vienna-Stuttgart, 1976), pp. 643-66, repr. in id., Ausgewählte Aufsätze zum frühen und preußischen Mittelalter (Sigmaringen, 1986), pp. 85-95: discusses issues tangential to the question of whether the Carolingian names Lothar (Chlothar) and Louis (Chlodewig = Clovis) were inherited from the Merovingians.

D. C. Jackman, “Rorgonid Right – Two Scenarios,” Francia, 26/1 (1999) 131-55: an aspect of political history is interpreted in terms of the probable existence of Carolingian inherited right, without specifying the details of descent.

Application of modern notions of hereditary succession as a test of heritability:

E. Hlawitschka, “Zur Herkunft der Liudolfinger und zu einigen Corveyer Geschichtsquellen, Rheinische Vierteljahresblätter 38 (1974) 92-165: largely successful in refuting all of Eckhardt’s propositions regarding Merovingian lineage, but flawed conclusion of the implications for heritability.

E. Hlawitschka, Konradiner-Genealogie, unstatthafte Verwandtenehen und spätottonisch-frühsalische Thronbesetzungspraxis. Ein Rückblick auf 25 Jahre Forschungsdisput (Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Studien und Texte 32; Hanover 2003): unsuccessful attempt to refute heritability in the early German succession.

Inherited right of Henry the Fowler:

K. A. Eckhardt, Genealogische Funde zur allgemeine Geschichte (2d ed., Germanenrechte Neue Folge, Deutschrechtliches Archiv 9: Witzenhausen, 1963), pp. 8-53: meticulous reconstruction of Henry’s evident descent from Charlemagne via a sister of Charles the Bald, supersedes all previous attempts to provide a solution.

Inherited right of Konrad I:

D. C. Jackman, “König Konrad, die letzten Karolinger und ihre sächsischen Verwandten,” in Konrad I. – Auf dem Weg zum ‘Deutschen Reich’? ed. H.-W. Goetz and S. Elling (Bochum, 2006), pp. 77-92: while not addressing royal heritability, extensive discussion of Konrad’s maternal relatives clears the way for precise investigation of the possible paths of royal descent.

D. C. Jackman, “Die Ahnentafeln der frühesten deutschen Könige,” Herold-Jahrbuch N.F. 15 (2010) 47- 67: discusses the possibility of King Konrad’s descent from a sister of Pepin the Short along a path leading via Count Odo of Orléans († 834). This speculative path must ultimately be discarded.

D. C. Jackman, Three Bernards Sent South to Govern (State College, 2015), 169-70: demonstrates affiliations in the Guilhemid lineage which in turn are able to provide King Konrad as a descendant of Pepin the Short’s sister via the Welf mother of Konrad the Elder († 906).

Heritability within the Ottonian imperial family:

H. Jakobs, “Zum Thronfolgerecht der Ottonen,” in Königswahl und Thronfolge in fränkisch-karolingischer Zeit, ed. E. Hlawitschka (Wege der Forschung 247; Darmstadt, 1975), pp. 509-28: provides for a conceptual ‘house law’ regulating the Ottonian succession.

Heritability in the throne candidacies of 1002:

A. Wolf, “Wer war Kuno ‘von Öhningen’? Überlegungen zum Herzogtum Konrads von Schwaben (†   997) und zur Königswahl vom Jahre 1002,” Deutsches Archiv für Erforschung des Mittelalters 26 (1980) 25-83, repr. with additional comments in Genealogisches Jahrbuch 39 (1999) 5-56: seminal paper demonstrating heritabilty in the early German royal or imperial succession without resort to the technique of speculative combinations of data hitherto prevalent in scholarly literature.

Heritability in the election of 1024:

D. C. Jackman, Criticism and Critique. Sidelights on the Konradiner (Occasional Publications of the Oxford Unit for Prosopographical Research 1; Oxford, 1997), pp. 49-54: this election is understood as an unavoidable process when rival claims are essentially identical.

King Konrad’s candidacy:

M. Becher, “Von den Karolingern zu den Ottonen. Die Königserhebungen von 911 und 919 als Marksteine des Dynastiewechsels im Ostfrakenreich,” in Konrad I. – Auf dem Weg zum ‘Deutschen Reich’? ed. H.-W. Goetz and S. Elling (Bochum, 2006), pp. 246-64: the most recent contribution to a long-standing area of discussion.

Emperor Arnulf’s quasi-legitimacy :

D. C. Jackman, “Cousins of the German Carolingians,” in Onomastique et Parenté dans l'Occident médiéval, ed. K. S. B. Keats-Rohan and C. Settipani (Occasional Publications of the Oxford Unit for Prosopographical Research 3; Oxford, 2000), pp. 116-39: precise examination of sources shows that Arnulf’s parents married, but Arnulf evidently was born long before their marriage, presumably at a time when Arnulf’s father was still locked in a previous marriage.

Otto of Haldensleben’s rebellion:

A. Wolf, “Königskandidatur und Königsverwandtschaft. Hermann von Schwaben als Prüfstein für das ‘Prinzip der freien Wahl’,” Deutsches Archiv für Erforschung des Mittelalters 47 (1991) 45-117: investigation of the role of inherited right in a series of eleventh-century candidacies.

Paths of descent from Emperor Louis the Blind via the Brunonen :

D. C. Jackman, “A Greco-Roman onomastic fund,” in Onomastique et Parenté dans l'Occident médiéval, ed. K. S. B. Keats-Rohan and C. Settipani (Occasional Publications of the Oxford Unit for Prosopographical Research 3; Oxford, 2000), pp. 14-56: the name Karl and certain Greco-Roman names arrived to the Saxon aristocracy, with Louis the Blind and his Byzantine wife as the probable source.

Charles of Flanders and the election of 1125:

H. Sproemberg, “Eine rheinische Königskandidatur im Jahre 1125,” in Aus Geschichte und Landeskunde. Festschrift für Franz Steinbach (Bonn, 1960), pp. 50-70: stresses the archbishop of Cologne’s role in promoting this candidacy.

Formation of factions in the investiture contest:

D. C. Jackman, “The Kleeberg Fragment of the Gleiberg County,” Archive for Medieval Prosopography, no. 11, 2012: reveals the near-identical basis of the hereditary claims of Hermann of Salm and Henry of Laach, on opposing sides in the papal-imperial schism.

Formation of the imperial college of electors and the Golden Bull:

A. Wolf, “Erbrecht und Sachsenspiegel – Fürsten und Kufürsten,” in id., Verwandtschaft – Erbrecht – Königswahlen (2 vols.; Frankfurt, 2013), 2: 1-162: the thesis of the hereditary basis of the college’s formation presented as a response to recent scholarship and polemic.

A. Wolf, Die Entstehung des Kurfrstenkollegs 1198-1298. Zur 700-jährigen Wiederkehr der ersten Vereinigung der sieben Kurfürsten (Historisches Seminar N.F. 11; Idstein, 1998): general presentation of evidence on thirteenth-century elections and electors.

A. Wolf, “Das ‘Kaiserliche Rechtbuch’ Karls IV (sogenannte Goldene Bulle),” Ius Commune 2 (1969) 1-32: detailed consideration of the relevance of imperial relationships to the Golden Bull’s composition.

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